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Section One

Academic Calendar

The Texas A&M University System and University Administration

General Information

University Core Curriculum

Degree Information

Admission

Academic Fresh Start Policy

Course Credit and Testing

Registration and Academic Status

Grading System

Grade Reports

Section Two

Tuition, Fees and Other Financial Information

Student Financial Aid

Student Services

Student Life (Housing and Activities)

Corps of Cadets

Section Three

Academic Curricula (Undergraduate)

Graduate Studies

Section Five

Faculty

Section Six

Texas Common Course Numbering System

 

 

Previous Catalogs

Previous Catalogs


Welcome to the Texas A&M University at Galveston
2007 - 2008 Catalog No. 130

Section Four

View Section One in a printable PDF Version

Course Descriptions

All courses offered at the University are described on the following pages and are listed by disciplines, arranged alphabetically. 

The course numbering scheme is as follows: 100 to 199, courses primarily open to freshmen; 200 to 299, courses primarily open to sophomores; 300 to 399, courses primarily open to juniors; 400 to 499, courses primarily open to seniors; and 600 to 699, courses limited to graduate students or undergraduate students with special approval. 

Figures in parentheses following the number of the courses indicate the clock hours per week devoted to theory and practice, respectively. Theory includes recitations and lectures; practice includes work done in the laboratory, shop, drawing room, or field. The unit of credit is the semester hour, which involves one hour of theory, or from two to four hours of practice per week for one semester of 15 weeks. 

When courses are cross-listed (e.g., offered as MARA 212 at TAMUG and MGMT 212 at TAMU), credit cannot be received for both courses. 

Any course may be withdrawn from the semester or summer schedule if the number of registrants is too small to justify its being offered. 

Accounting

Marine Engineering Technology

Agricultural Economics

Marine Sciences

Anthropology

Marine Transportation

Biology

Maritime Administration

Center for Academic Enhancement

Maritime Systems Engineering

Chemistry

Maritime Studies

Civil Engineering

Marketing

Classics

Mathematics

Communications

Mechanical Engineering

Computer Science

Meteorology

Developmental Studies

Nautical Science

Economics

Naval Science

Engineering Design Graphics

Ocean Engineering

Engineering

Oceanography

English

Ocean and Coastal Resources

Finance

Philosophy

Galveston Study Abroad

Physics

Geography

Political Science

Geology

Psychology

History

Recreation, Park and Tourism Sciences

Information and Operations Management

Spanish

Kinesiology

Statistics

Management

Veterinary Pathobiology

Marine Biology

Wildlife and Fisheries Science

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Accounting (ACCT) 

229. INTRODUCTORY ACCOUNTING. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS ACCT 2301). Analysis, recording and reporting of business transactions; partnership and corporation accounting; analysis and use of financial statements. 

230. INTRODUCTORY ACCOUNTING. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS ACCT 2302). Continuation of ACCT 229. Use of budgets; introduction to cost accounting; cost control techniques and methods of measuring performance. Prerequisites: ACCT 229. 

315. INTERMEDIATE ACCOUNTING FOR NON-ACCOUNTING MAJORS I. (3-0). Credit 3. Revenue recognition principles of asset valuation, and disclosure requirements for corporations; interpretation of financial statements, rather than their preparation. Prerequisites: ACCT 230. Junior or senior classification. 

316. INTERMEDIATE ACCOUNTING FOR NON-ACCOUNTING MAJORS II. (3-0). Credit 3. Includes the measurement and disclosure requirements for liabilities and stockholders’ equity, SEC registration statements, and cash flow reporting; focus on the analysis and interpretation of financial statements rather than their preparation. Does not qualify as a directed or free elective for accounting majors and does not count towards the accounting requirement for the CPA exam. Prerequisite: ACCT 315 or 327. 

Agricultural Economics (AGEC) 

350. ENVIRONMENTAL AND NATURAL RESOURCE ECONOMICS. (3-0). Credit 3. Inspection of issues such as environmental degradation, population growth, recycling, water use and depletion, natural habitat protection, water and air pollution, acid deposition, fishery management, and global warming using economically derived principles and tools. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

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Anthropology (ANTH) 

202. INTRODUCTION TO ARCHAEOLOGY. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS ANTH 2302). An introduction to the study of the human past through the retrieval, analysis, and interpretation of material remains. 

210. SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS ANTH 2351). Evolution of cultures; differences, similarities and effects of material and non-material culture on economic, social and political organization. 

225. PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY. (3-3). Credit 4. Human biology to include examination of evolutionary processes acting on human populations; human genetics; non-human primate anatomy, classification and ecology of primates; the primate paleontological record, and human variation and adaptation. Prerequisite: BIOL 111. 

316. NAUTICAL ARCHAEOLOGY. (3-0). Credit 3. Underwater shipwrecks, sunken harbors, and other submerged evidence of human activities; relationship to cultural geography in general; problems of diving technology, surveying and preservation; relevance to modern problems. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification. 

318. NAUTICAL ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE AMERICAS. (3-0). Credit 3. Seafaring in the Americas from the 16th to the 20th centuries based on shipwreck archaeology; ship construction, exploration, commerce, naval warfare and related activity; influence of seafaring on the cultures, economics and history of the Western Hemisphere. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

350. ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE OLD WORLD. (3-0). Credit 3. Overview of archaeology and prehistory of Europe, Africa and Asia from the evolution of the hominids to the development of agriculture and the rise of civilization. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

351. CLASSICAL ARCHAEOLOGY. (3-0). Credit 3. Origins and spread of Western civilization through the material remains of Minoan, Mycenaen, Etruscan, and early Greek and Roman cultures. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

485. DIRECTED STUDIES. Credit 1-9. Individual research in anthropology on subjects not included in established courses. Prerequisites: Approval of department head. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

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Biology (BIOL) 

111. INTRODUCTORY BIOLOGY I. (3-3). Credit 4. (TCCNS BIOL 1306 and TCCNS 1106). First half of an introductory two-semester survey of contemporary biology that covers the chemical basis of life, structure and biology of the cell, molecular biology and genetics. 

112. INTRODUCTORY BIOLOGY II. (3-3). Credit 4. (TCCNS BIOL 1307 and TCCNS 1107). The second half of an introductory two-semester survey of contemporary biology that covers evolution, history of life, diversity and form and function of organisms. Prerequisite: BIOL 111. 

351. FUNDAMENTALS OF MICROBIOLOGY. (3-4). Credit 4. Basic microbiology; comparative morphology, taxonomy, pathogenesis, ecology, variation and physiology of microorganisms. Prerequisites: CHEM 227, 237; three hours of biology; or approval of instructor. Junior or senior classification. 

 

Center for Academic Enhancement (CAEN) 

101. APPLICATION OF LEARNING THEORY. (2-0). Credit 2. A seminar course designed to introduce students to the resources, skills, and strategies needed to succeed in college. 

102. CAREER AWARENESS. (2-0). Credit 2. Introduction to the concepts of career planning, employment trends, and methods of researching and preparing for the job market. 

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Chemistry (CHEM) 

101. FUNDAMENTALS OF CHEMISTRY I. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS CHEM 1311). Introduction to modern theories of atomic structure and chemical bonding; chemical reactions; stoichiometry; states of matter; solutions; equilibrium; acids and bases; coordination chemistry. Prerequisite: Concurrent registration in CHEM 111 is suggested. 

102. FUNDAMENTALS OF CHEMISTRY II. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS  CHEM 1312). Theory and applications of oxidation-reduction systems; thermodynamics and kinetics; complex equilibria and solubility product; nuclear chemistry; descriptive inorganic and organic chemistry. Prerequisites: CHEM 101, CHEM 111 or their equivalent. 

107. GENERAL CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERING STUDENTS. (3-3). Credit 4. Introduction to important concepts and principles of chemistry; emphasis on areas considered most relevant in an engineering context; practical applications of chemical principles in engineering and technology. Students completing CHEM 107 and changing majors to curricula requiring CHEM 101 and CHEM 102 may substitute CHEM 107 for CHEM 101 and/or CHEM 101 /111. Students may not receive credit for both CHEM 107 and CHEM 101 and/or CHEM 101/111. 

111. FUNDAMENTALS OF CHEMISTRY LABORATORY I. (0-3). Credit 1. (TCCNS CHEM 1111).  Introduction to methods and techniques of chemical experimentation; qualitative and semiquantitative procedures applied to investigative situations. Prerequisite: CHEM 101 or registration therein. 

112. FUNDAMENTALS OF CHEMISTRY LABORATORY II. (0-3). Credit 1. (TCCNS CHEM 1112).  Introduction to analytical and synthetic methods and to quantitative techniques to both inorganic and organic compounds. Prerequisites: CHEM 101, 111; CHEM 102 or registration therein. 

227. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY I. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS CHEM 2323). Introduction to chemistry of compounds of carbon. General principles and their application to industrial and biological processes. Concurrent registration in CHEM 237 is suggested. Prerequisite: CHEM 102/112 or 104. 

228. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS CHEM 2325). Continuation of CHEM 227. Concurrent registration in CHEM 238 is suggested. Prerequisite: CHEM 227. 

237. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LABORATORY. (0-3). Credit 1. (TCCNS CHEM 2123). Operations and techniques of elementary organic chemistry laboratory. Preparation, reactions and properties of representative organic compounds. Prerequisites: CHEM 112 or 114; CHEM 227 or concurrent registration. 

238. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LABORATORY. (0-3). Credit 1. (TCCNS CHEM 2125). Continuation of CHEM 237. Prerequisites: CHEM 237; CHEM 228 or registration therein. 

285. DIRECTED STUDIES. Credit 1-4. Introduction to research, library, and laboratory work. Prerequisite: Approval of MARS department head. 

316. QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS. (2-0).  Credit 2. Introduction to methods of chemical analysis. Chemical equilibrium. Prerequisites: CHEM 102/112 or 104. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

318. QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS LABORATORY. (0-3). Credit 1. Laboratory work consists of selected experiments in quantitative analysis designed to typify operations of general application; work is primarily volumetric with limited gravimetric experiments. Prerequisites: CHEM 102/112 or 114; CHEM 315 or 316 or concurrent registration. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

383. CHEMISTRY OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION. (3-0). Credit 3. Chemical pollutants in the air, in water, and on land. Their generation, chemical reactivity, action on environment and disappearance through chemical mechanisms. Chemistry of existing pollution abatement. Prerequisites: CHEM 228 or equivalent. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

485. DIRECTED STUDIES. Credit 1-4. Introduction to research, library, and laboratory work. Prerequisites: Senior classification; approval of MARS department head. 

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Civil Engineering (CVEN) 

311. FLUID DYNAMICS. (3-0). Credit 3. Fluid properties; statics; kinematics; basic conservation principles of continuity, energy and momentum; similitude and hydraulic models; incompressible flow in pipes; fluid dynamic drag. Prerequisites: ENGR 211 or 221. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

336. FLUID DYNAMICS LABORATORY. (0-2) Credit 1. Introduction to laboratory techniques; calibration principles, reports and fluid measurements; determination of fluid properties; visualization of types of flow; experiments in closed conduit flow of air, water and oil; fluid drag and turbomachinery tests; open channel and gravity wave demonstrations. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

344. REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES. (2-3). Credit 3. Analysis and design of reinforced concrete beams, columns, slabs, and footings using ultimate strength methods. Prerequisites: CVEN 345. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

345. THEORY OF STRUCTURES. (3-0). Credit 3. Structural engineering-functions of structure, design loads, reactions and force systems. Analysis of statically determinate structures; including beams, trusses, and arches. Methods of determining deflections of structures. Influence lines and criteria for moving loads. Analysis of indeterminate structures; including continuous beams and frames. Prerequisites: ENGR 211 or 221, MASE 214. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

365. INTRODUCTION TO GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING. (2-2). Credit 3. Physical properties of soils, classification systems, soil exploration, permeability, consolidation, compaction, and shear strength. Laboratory tests conducted to determine the physical and engineering soil properties needed for application in geotechnical engineering design. Prerequisites: ENGR 211 or 221. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

446. STRUCTURAL STEEL DESIGN. (3-0). Credit 3. Design of structural steel elements found in bridges and building structures, including plate girders, other build-up members, composite beams and slender columns; frame stability, tubular members and connections. Prerequisites: CVEN 345. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. (pending approval) 

483. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF STRUCTURES. (2-3). Credit 3. Overall procedure of analysis and design; including functions, loads, layouts of force systems; analysis, design drafting, specifications, cost comparisons, and maintenance as applied to typical simple bridge and building structures. Prerequisites: CVEN 344, 346, 365. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

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Classics (CLAS) 

371. IN SEARCH OF HOMER AND THE TROJAN WAR. (3-0). Credit 3. The nature, background, authorship, and historically of the Iliad and the Odyssey, Aegean culture in the Stone, Bronze, and early Iron ages; the value of Greek epics as historical documents; oral poetry; the Trojan War in Greek literature, readings in English. Prerequisites: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

Communications (COMM) 

203. PUBLIC SPEAKING. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS SPCH 1321). Training in speeches of social and technical interest designed to teach students to develop and illustrate ideas and information and to inform, stimulate, and persuade their audiences. 

Computer Science (CPSC) 

203. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS COSC 2304). Algorithms, programs, and computers. Basic programming and program structure. Data representation. Computer solution of numerical and non-numerical problems using a high-level programming language, FORTRAN. 

285. DIRECTED STUDIES. Credit 1-6. Permits work on special projects in computing science. Project must be approved by MARS department head. 

485. DIRECTED STUDIES. Credit 1-6. Permits work on special projects in computing science. Project must be approved by MARS department head. Prerequisite: Senior classification. 

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Developmental Studies (CAEX) 

001. BASIC MATHEMATICAL SKILLS. Credit 0. Developmental instruction in mathematics; includes the integers and rational numbers and applications, exponents, polynomials, solution of equations, graphing, elementary geometry, and reasoning skills. May not be used for credit toward a degree. 

002. BASIC WRITING SKILLS. Credit 0. Individualized instruction in English composition based on an analysis of the student’s proofreading, revision, and editing skills; a programmed sequence of study and practice designed for improvement of writing performance through mastery of basic skills at word, sentence, paragraph, and multiparagraph levels. May not be used for credit toward a degree. 

003. BASIC READING SKILLS. Credit 0. Individualized instruction in reading based on an analysis of the student’s reading comprehension skills; study and practice of reading strategies designed to increase reading comprehension skills. May not be used for credit toward a degree. 

Economics (ECON) 

202. PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS ECON 2302). Elementary principles of  economics; the economic problem and the price system; theory of demand, theory of production and the firm, theory of supply; the interaction of demand and supply. 

203. PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS ECON 2301). Measurement and determination of national income, employment, and price; introduction to monetary and fiscal policy analysis; the effects of government deficits and debt, exchange rates and trade balances. Prerequisite: ECON 202. 

311. MONEY AND BANKING. (3-0). Credit 3. Fundamental principles of money, credit, and banking; arbitrage conditions in domestic and international capital markets; theoretical and institutional analysis of money markets. Prerequisite: ECON 203. 

322. APPLIED MICROECONOMIC THEORY. (3-0). Credit 3. Use of microeconomic theory in the analysis of problems that would face decision makers, not only in business but also in government, non-profit firms and other institutions. Prerequisite: ECON 202. 

323. MICROECONOMIC THEORY. (3-0). Credit 3. Determination of prices and their role in directing consumption, production, and distribution under both competitive and non-competitive market situations. Prerequisites: ECON 202 and MATH 142. 

412. PUBLIC FINANCE. (3-0). Credit 3. Economic role of governments; the choice of public sector output in a democracy and the effects of various taxes on resource allocation and income distribution. Prerequisite: ECON 322. 

452. INTERNATIONAL TRADE THEORY AND POLICY. (3-0). Credit 3. Basis for trade; theory of comparative advantage; determination of product and factor prices; gains from international trade; commercial policy and its implications for income distribution; concept of effective protection; market distortions, policy generated distortions and the arguments for tariffs. Prerequisite: ECON 322. 

485. DIRECTED STUDIES. Credit 1-3. Research and design of specific problem areas approved on an individual basis with the intention of promoting independent study and to supplement existing course offerings. Results of study presented in writing. Prerequisite: Cumulative GPA of 2.5 or higher or approval of MARA department head. 

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Engineering Design Graphics (ENDG) 

105. ENGINEERING GRAPHICS. (0-6). Credit 2. (TCCNS ENGR 1204). Graphical approach to the engineering design process as applied to products; methods of graphical communications, three-dimensional geometry, working drawings, data analysis, computer graphics, introduction to team dynamics, and creative problem solving. 

106. ENGINEERING DESIGN GRAPHICS. (0-6). Credit 2. Introduction to engineering design; product development and team dynamics using graphical methods and descriptive geometry. Spatial analysis of geometric elements, vectors, data analysis, and graphical applications to a variety of engineering areas. Prerequisite: ENDG 105. 

Engineering (ENGR) 

109. ENGINEERING PROBLEM SOLVING AND COMPUTING. (2-3). Credit 3. Professional ethics, registration, and disciplines in engineering; engineering problem-solving environments (economic, political, technical, social), requirements, and methodologies; FORTRAN programming on PCs, minis and mainframes. Prerequisites: Admission to engineering curriculum and background in trigonometry. 

111. FOUNDATIONS OF ENGINEERING I. (1-3). Credit 2. Introduction to the engineering profession, ethics, and disciplines; development of skills in teamwork, problem solving and design. Other topics included, depending on the major, are: emphasis on computer applications and programming, visualization and CAD tools, introduction to electrical circuits, semiconductor devices, digital logic, communications and their applications in systems; Newton's laws, unit conversions, statistics, computers, Excel; basic graphics skills; visualization and orthographic drawings.  Co-requisite: MATH 151. 

112. FOUNDATIONS OF ENGINEERING II. (1-3). Credit 2. Continuation of ENGR 111. Topics include, depending on the major: emphasis on computer applications and programming and solids modeling using CAD tools or other software; fundamentals of engineering science. advanced graphic skills. Prerequisite: ENGR 111, MATH 151. 

211. CONSERVATION PRINCIPLES IN ENGINEERING MECHANICS. (2-2)  Credit 3. Conservation principles in engineering and their application to the modeling of mechanical systems and structures; equations of motion for particles and rigid bodies; fundamentals of engineering mechanics. Prerequisites: ENGR 112,  MATH 251 or 253 or concurrent registration, PHYS 218. 

212. CONSERVATION PRINCIPLES IN THERMAL SCIENCES. (2-2) Credit 3. Theory and application of energy methods in engineering; conservation principles to investigate “traditional” thermodynamics and internal flow fluids. Prerequisites: Upper division status in major; MATH 251 or MATH 253 or concurrent registration; ENGR 211 or concurrent registration. 

221. STATICS AND PARTICLE DYNAMICS. (2-2). Credit 3. Application of the fundamental principles of Newtonian mechanics to the statics and dynamics of particles and the equilibrium of trusses, frames, beams and other rigid bodies. Prerequisites:  Admission to a major sequence in engineering; ENGR 112 or instructor approval;  MATH 251 or 253 or concurrent registration; PHYS 218. 

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English (ENGL) 

104. COMPOSITION AND RHETORIC. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS ENGL 1301). Focus on referential and persuasive researched essays through the development of analytical reading ability, critical thinking and library research skills. 

203. INTRODUCTION TO LITERATURE. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS ENGL 1302). Exploration of literature by genre and/or theme; literary analysis and interpretation; intensive writing about literature. Prerequisite: ENGL 104. 

212. SHAKESPEARE. (3-0). Credit 3. Exploration of selected works of Shakespeare. Prerequisite: ENGL 104. 

222. WORLD LITERATURE. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS ENGL 2333). Representative works in translation of major authors from A.D. 1500 to present from various cultures, including such authors as Cervantes, Moliére, Goethe, Tolstoy, Mahfouz, Munif, Achebe, Tolstaya, Vargas Llosa, and Duras. Prerequisite: ENGL 104. 

228. AMERICAN LITERATURE: CIVIL WAR TO PRESENT. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS ENGL 2328). Expressions of the American experience in realism, regionalism and naturalism; varieties of modernist and contemporary writing; the rise of ethnic literature and experimental literary forms; includes such writers as Dickinson, Twain, James, Crane, Frost, Eliot, Fitzgerald, Hemingway, Faulkner, O’Neill, Baldwin, and Rich. Prerequisite: ENGL 104. 

236. INTRODUCTION TO CREATIVE WRITING: POETRY. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS ENGL 2308). Initiation into the craft of poetry writing; extensive reading in the genre; peer workshops. Prerequisite: ENGL 104. 

251. THE LANGUAGE OF FILM. (2-2). Credit 3. Development of the language of film: major movements, representative works, theory and techniques; lecture/discussion following film screenings. Prerequisite: ENGL 104. 

253. INTRODUCTION TO CULTURAL STUDIES AND POPULAR CULTURE. (3-0). Credit 3.  An introduction to the history, theories and methods of contemporary cultural studies. The course will explore key concepts in cultural theory to examine specific aspects of popular culture as well as cultural sites and practices so as to expand upon the analytical and critical thinking skills learned in ENGL 104 and 203. Prerequisite: ENGL 104. 

285. DIRECTED STUDIES. Credit 1-3. Readings selected for specific need of major or minor in English. 

301. TECHNICAL WRITING. (3-0). Credit 3. Advanced writing in technical, scientific, and business fields; reports, proposals, and other papers; correspondence. Prerequisites: ENGL 104. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

330. ARTHURIAN LITERATURE. (3-0) Credit 3. Legend of King Arthur in English and American literature from its Medieval origins to the present. Prerequisites: ENGL 104. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

334. SCIENCE FICTION PAST AND PRESENT. (3-0). Credit 3. Origins and development of the science fiction genre, including such authors as Wells, Lewis, Clarke, Miller, and Le Guin. Prerequisites: ENGL 104. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

335. LITERATURE OF THE SEA. (3-0). Credit 3. Significance of the sea in fictional and factual accounts, such as novels, short stories, poems, and narratives of sailors and seafaring life. Prerequisites: Three credits of literature at 200 level or above. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

338. AMERICAN ETHNIC LITERATURE. (3-0). Credit 3. Multi-ethnic study of American Literature, the writings of Black Americans, American Indians, Mexican-Americans, Jewish Americans, as well as Euro-American ethnic groups. Prerequisite: ENGL 104. 

339. AFRICAN-AMERICAN LITERATURE POST 1930. (3-0). Credit 3. Major works of the African-American literary tradition studied in their cultural and historical context, including such authors as Douglass, Du Bois, Hurston, Wright and Morrison. Prerequisite: Three credits of literature at 200-level or above. 

374. WOMEN WRITERS. (3-0). Credit 3. History of literature by women in English primarily from the 16th century to the present; emphasis on continuity of ideas and on literary contributions; study of poetry, essays, novels, short stories, with particular attention to characteristic themes and to racial, social, cultural diversity of women writing in English. Prerequisites: ENGL 104. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

415. STUDIES IN A MAJOR AUTHOR. (3-0). Credit 3. Exploration of a major author as a vehicle for emphasizing intensive analysis, scholarship and literary criticism. Prerequisite: Three credits of literature at 300-level or above. 

485. DIRECTED STUDIES. Credit 1-3. Readings selected for specific need of major or minor in English. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

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Finance (FINC) 

341. BUSINESS FINANCE. (3-0). Credit 3. Financial practices and financial management of modern business corporations; cash flow, planning, procurement of funds, management of long-term funds and working capital. Prerequisites: ACCT 229. Junior or senior classification. 

Galveston Study Abroad (GALV) 

301. TAMUG STUDY ABROAD. (1-18). For students in approved study abroad programs, may be repeated for credit. 

Geography (GEOG) 

201. INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS GEOG 1302). A survey of the major systems of man-land relations of the world and their dissimilar developments. The processes of innovation, diffusion, and adaptation stressed with regard to changing relationships between people and their environment. 

202. GEOGRAPHY OF THE GLOBAL VILLAGE. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS GEOG 1303). Uses of resources; identification of problems pertaining to poverty, hunger, overpopulation; relations between nations and races, environmental destruction and violence within the major geographic regions of the world. 

301. GEOGRAPHY OF THE UNITED STATES. (3-0). Credit 3. Geographic personality (physical and cultural) of the United States. Note: To be used as a humanities elective for any degree program. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

Geology (GEOL) 

104. PHYSICAL GEOLOGY. (3-3). Credit 4. Earth materials, structures, external and internal characteristics; physical processes at work upon or within the planet. A working knowledge of high school chemistry and mathematics is required. 

285. DIRECTED STUDIES. Credit (1-4) each semester. Individually supervised research or advanced study on restricted area not covered in regular courses. 

301. MINERAL RESOURCES. (2-3) Credit 3. Origin, geologic relations, geographic distribution, reserves and uses of exhaustible mineral and energy resources. Not available to geology majors. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

485. DIRECTED STUDIES. Credit (1-4) each semester. Individually supervised research or advanced study on restricted area not covered in regular courses. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

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History (HIST) 

105. HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS HIST 1301 ). Colonial Heritage; revolution; adoption of Constitution; growth of nationalism and sectionalism; Civil War; reconstruction. 

106. HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS HIST 1302). Since reconstruction; new social and industrial problems; rise of progressivism; U.S. emergence as a world power; World War I; reaction and New Deal; World War II; contemporary America. 

226. HISTORY OF TEXAS. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS HIST 2301). History of Texas from Spanish period to present day. Stress placed upon period of Anglo-American settlement, revolution, republic, and development of modern state. 

232. HISTORY OF AMERICAN SEA POWER. (3-0). Credit 3. Development of American sea power from the 18th century to the present. 

370. CIVIL WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION. (3-0). Credit 3. Survey of background and causes of the war; military, political, economic, and diplomatic aspects of the war; life behind the lines; reconstruction and post-war adjustments, 1861-1877. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

373. THE GREAT DEPRESSION AND WORLD WAR II. (3-0). Credit 3. The United States, 1929-1945; cultural, social, economic, and political developments in the nation; global diplomacy and military strategy. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

374. THE UNITED STATES AFTER WORLD WAR II. (3-0). Credit 3. The United States since World War II; political, economic, cultural, and social changes and role as a world leader. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

405. HISTORY OF THE HOLOCAUST. (3-0). Credit 3. History of the Nazi Holocaust; Third Reich; Jewish ghetto life and concentration camps; role of the military, S.S. and German business; lessons and legacies. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

485. DIRECTED STUDIES. Credit 1-3. Selected fields of history not covered in depth by other courses. Reports and extensive reading required. Prerequisites: Approval of department head. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

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Information and Operations Management (INFO) 

303. STATISTICAL METHODS. (3-0). Credit 3. Collection, tabulation, and presentation of numerical data; sampling, estimation of averages and variation, probability and error, hypothesis testing, and correlation. Prerequisites: MATH 142. Junior or senior classification. 

336. DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS. (3-0). Credit 3. Application of quantitative decision-making techniques to management decision problems. Planning, analysis, and control of operating systems in organizational settings. Prerequisite: INFO 364 or concurrent registration. 

364. OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT. (3-0). Credit 3. Concepts, issues and techniques used to plan, analyze, and control systems of production; operational problems in producing goods and services. Prerequisite: INFO 303 or concurrent registration.  

485. DIRECTED STUDIES. Credit 1-4 each semester. Directed study of selected problems in an area of business analysis not covered in other courses. Prerequisites: Cumulative GPA of 2.5 or higher. Approval of instructor and MARA department head. 

Kinesiology (KINE) 

198. HEALTH AND FITNESS ACTIVITY. (0-2). Credit 1. Half lecture; half activity; student choice of designated fitness or strength related activities; lecture portion covers current health topics. 

199. REQUIRED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. (0-2). Credit 1. (TCCNS PHED 1151, 1152, 1164, 1251, 1252, 1253, 2155, 2255). Selection from a wide variety of activities designed to increase fitness and/or encourage the pursuit of lifetime activity. 

Management (MGMT) 

105. INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS. (3-0). Credit 3. (TCCNS BUSI 1301). Survey of economic systems, forms of business ownership and running the small business; organizing and managing businesses; managing human resources; managing production and information; managing marketing; introducing financial issues including accounting, money, and banking, securities markets; business issues and challenges including legal and regulatory environment, business ethics, and international business. 

211. LEGAL AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT OF BUSINESS. (3-0) Credit 3. (TCCNS BUSI 2302). Role of government in business and society; analysis of social policy and legal institutions; ethical problems in management decisions; administrative law; antitrust law; employment and discrimination law; regulation of business transactions; protection of property rights; regulation of information in markets including securities and product safety; international business law. Prerequisite: Sophomore classification. 

481. SEMINAR IN MANAGEMENT. (1-0). Credit 1. Discussions and observation of current management practice in the public and private sectors of the nation. Reading and discussion of current events and changes taking place in management theory and/or its application and practice in actual business and government situations. May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: MARA 466 or concurrent registration. Senior classification. 

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Marine Biology (MARB) 

101. SUCCEEDING IN SCIENCE. (1-0). Credit 1. An orientation of the biological sciences including the nature of science, functions of scientists, and a better understanding of the fundamentals of science. Students receive hands-on experiences that provide opportunities to work with faculty, graduate and other undergraduate students. 

200. INTRODUCTION TO MARINE BIOLOGY: THE SEA WORLD EXPERIENCE. (3-3). Credit 4. Exploration of marine organisms, survey topics in vertebrate marine biology, and introduction to the role that aquatic oriented parks play in education, research and conservation. Students will have hands-on experiences by participating in aspects of maintaining aquatic organisms in captivity including animal care and nutrition, physiology, behavior, animal training and water quality. Exposure to marine organismal taxonomy, natural history, anatomy and ecology. Prerequisites: BIOL 111 with a >C average; GPA >2.0; freshman or sophomore status or instructor permission. 

285. DIRECTED STUDIES. Credit 1-6 per semester. Special topics and problems in field and/or laboratory work suited to analysis by individuals or small groups concerning aspects of marine biology. Usually requires a report describing techniques and results. Only 3 credit hours may be used in the degree plan curriculum. Prerequisites: 2.25 GPR, Approval of instructor. 

289. SPECIAL TOPICS IN MARINE BIOLOGY. Credit 1-4. Study of selected topics in an identified area of marine biology. Prerequisite: Approval of instructor. 

300. SCIENTIFIC METHODS IN MARINE BIOLOGY. (1-3). Credit 2. An introduction to field, laboratory and analytical methods, equipment and instruments. The field portion will include making proper observations, sampling techniques, and data recording. The laboratory portion will include sample analysis methods, use of instruments, introduction to data analysis including elementary statistics, introduction to scientific literature and report writing style. Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 112. Curriculum sophomore, junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

301. GENETICS. (3-3). Credit 4. Fundamental principles of genetics; physical basis of Mendelian inheritance; expression and interaction of genes, linkage, sex linkage, biochemical nature of genetic material, and mutation. Prerequisites: MARS 360; CHEM 227, 228, 237 and 238. Curriculum sophomore, junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

303. BIOSTATISTICS. (2-2). Credit 3. Introduction to sampling, experimental design, analysis of data, and testing of hypotheses, with emphasis on methods applied to biological investigations. Parametric and non-parametric techniques. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, correlation and regression. Prerequisites: MATH 151, three credit hours of computer science. Curriculum sophomore, junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

310. INTRODUCTION TO CELL BIOLOGY. (3-3). Credit 4. Cellular structure/function; procaryotic vs. eucaryotic cells. Examination of cellular membranes and membrane transport. Analysis of DNA replication, transcription, and protein translation (an extension of their treatment in MARB 301). Introduction to the components and genetics of immunology. Cell Biology should precede or be concurrent with enrollment in MARB 450. Prerequisites: BIOL 111, BIOL 112, CHEM 228, MARB 301, MARS 360. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

311. ICHTHYOLOGY. (3-3). Credit 4. Freshwater and marine fishes. Subject will be mainly systematic, but evolution, ecology, life history, and economics of more important species will be treated. Prerequisites: BIOL 111, 112 and MARB 315. Curriculum sophomore, junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

312. FIELD ICHTHYOLOGY. (3-3). Credit 4. Field and laboratory studies on identification and ecology of freshwater and marine fishes of Texas. Field trips required. Prerequisites: MARB 311. Curriculum sophomore, junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

315. NATURAL HISTORY OF VERTEBRATES. (3-3). Credit 4. Natural history of fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals, with emphasis on coastal Texas vertebrates. Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 112. Curriculum sophomore, junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

320. FISHERIES TECHNIQUES. (3-3). Credit 4. An introduction to theory and techniques in fisheries biology and ecology. Experience with fisheries equipment and techniques will be provided in both field and laboratory. Practical sampling design, collection, and interpretation of data from estuarine, coastal and offshore environments will be addressed. Prerequisites: BIOL 111, 112, MARB 311. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

325. BIOSPELEOLOGY. (3-3). Credit 4. A field-oriented introduction to the biology of aquatic and terrestrial cave organisms with discussions on the origin of caves, cave environment, cave fauna, and evolution. Field trips required. Prerequisites: BIOL 112, CHEM 101, GEOL 104.  Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

330. PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY. (3-0). Credit 3. Examination of how ecological pressures dictate individual and interorganismal physiological processes that lead to individual and community adaptation. Discussion of the physiological interrelationships between members of an ecological community. Attention will be directed toward physiological systems of plants and animals. Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 112. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

334. BIOLOGY OF SEA TURTLES. (3-3). Credit 4. Living sea turtles of the world, with emphasis on species in the Atlantic, Gulf and Caribbean basins. Emphasis includes phylogeny, population biology, ecology, life history, behavior, social and economic aspects and their impact on sea turtle conservation and recovery. Prerequisites: BIOL 11 and 112, MARB 315 or instructor approval. 

335. FISH PHYSIOLOGY. (3-0). Credit 3. Study of the basic physiology of fishes. Examination of fish cardiovascular, renal, digestive, locomotor, reproductive, and central/peripheral nervous systems. Discussion of physiological adaptations enhancing survival in a water medium. Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 112 or MARB 311. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

340. TROPICAL MARINE ECOLOGY. (1-9). Credit 4. This course provides for field-oriented experience in coral reef, mangrove, sea grass and other tropical marine ecosystems. Special emphasis will be placed on biodiversity, ecology and conservation issues specific to Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico. Prerequisites: BIOL 111, 112.  All students who dive must either be a current AAUS scientific diver or present a current medical examination (which will be provided by the Diving Safety Officer or instructor) completed within the past 12 months and signed by a doctor, to the instructor before class participation in the pool will be allowed.  Prior to using scuba equipment, all students must provide proof of open water certification or equivalent diving experience (advanced certification recommended).  Permission of the instructor and the Diving Safety Officer is required before any pool activity takes place. Divers Alert Network insurance, or equivalent, is required. 

345. INTRODUCTION TO SCIENTIFIC DIVING.  (3-3). Credit 4. Prepare and qualify divers for entry into the TAMUG Scientific Diving Program. Students must pass medical, swimming, skin diving and scuba diving tests.  Lectures include diving equipment, physics, physiology, medicine, regulations, environment, emergency and decompression procedures. Prerequisites: BIOL 111, PHYS 201, advanced scuba certification. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. All students must present a current medical examination (which will be provided by the Diving Safety Officer or instructor) completed within the past 12 months, to the instructor before class participation in the pool will be allowed. Prior to using scuba equipment, all students must provide proof of basic certification. Permission of the instructor and the Diving Safety Officer is required before any pool activity takes place. Divers Alert Network insurance, or equivalent, is required. 

350. METHODS IN RESEARCH DIVING. (2-6). Credit 4. Survey of research methods and techniques using diving. Lecture and lab designed to train students in safe, efficient use of diving to collect and record data underwater for studies primarily in biology, geology, and archaeology. Prerequisites: MARB 345. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. All students must present a completed medical examination (Appendices 1-4 in the TAMUG diving manual) signed by a doctor, to the instructor before class participation in the pool will be allowed. Prior to using scuba equipment, all students must provide proof of advanced open water certification or equivalent diving experience.  Permission of the instructor and the Diving Safety Officer is required before any pool activity takes place. Divers Alert Network insurance, or equivalent, is required. 

360. MARINE CONSERVATION BIOLOGY. (3-3). Credit 4. Lectures and laboratories cover the major principles of conservation biology; a new synthetic field that applies concepts of ecology, systematics and evolution, biogeology, genetics, behavioral sciences, and social sciences to the conservation of marine fisheries resources. Lab exercises include morphometric and genetic variation, GIS, molecular systematics and phylogenetic inference. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

400. BIOLOGY OF MARINE MAMMALS. (3-3). Credit 4. A broad-spectrum course on the taxonomy, evolution, morphology behavior, and ecology of marine mammals, including sirenians, carnivores, baleen and toothed whales and dolphins. Prerequisite: BIOL 111 and 112, MARB 315, 410. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

401. PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY OF MARINE MAMMALS. (3-0). Credit 3.  Anatomy, taxonomy, phylogeny and physiological adaptations of marine mammals.  Prerequisites: BIOL 111, 112, and MARB 315. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

402. GENERAL MAMMALOGY. (2-3) Credit 3. Mammalian biology; evolution, classification, biogeography, reproduction, physiology, ecology, and behavior; focuses on basic concepts necessary for a foundation in both wildlife science and biology. Prerequisites. MARB 315. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

403. CETACEAN BEHAVIOR AND BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY. (3-3). Credit 4. This course consists of lecture of up to date descriptions of Cetacean behavior and ecology; and of labs that evaluate the literature of topics of present relevance. Prerequisite: MARB 315. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

405. MARINE PARASITOLOGY. (3-3). Credit 4. Fundamentals of parasitology, with emphasis on marine applications. Survey of major parasites of marine animals and the diseases they cause, especially in ecologically and commercially-important host species. Prerequisites: BIOL 112. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

408. MARINE BOTANY. (3-3). Credit 4. Morphology, systematics, ecology, and biochemistry of representative algae, fungi, and submarine grasses. Prerequisites: BIOL 112. Curriculum sophomore, junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

410. ANIMAL BEHAVIOR. (2-3). Credit 3. Examination of ethological concepts. Discussion of the development, genetics, physiology, and evolution of animal behavior patterns involved in reproduction, territoriality, aggression, communication, population dispersion, sociality, and sociobiology of invertebrates and vertebrates. Prerequisites: BIOL 112. Curriculum sophomore, junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

412. SOCIOBIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION. (3-0). Credit 3. Application of sociobiological concepts to examine the evolution and adaptive significance of reproductive strategies utilized by marine and terrestrial animals. Strategy-influencing factors to be discussed include: mate selection and competition, sex roles, bonding, parental investment in offspring, and socialization. Prerequisites: BIOL 112, MARB 301 or equivalent, or concurrent registration. Curriculum sophomore, junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

414. TOXICOLOGY (3-0). Credit 3. This course presents the history and scope of toxicology as it applies to mammals. Where possible, marine species will be used for examples and assigned papers. Prerequisites: BIOL 111, BIOL 112, CHEM 227, CHEM 228. (Pending approval). 

420. COMPARATIVE ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY. (3-3). Credit 4. Principles of animal physiology are examined using invertebrate and vertebrate model systems. Topics include osmoregulation in marine vs. freshwater vs. terrestrial organisms, excretion, fluid circulation, nervous system structure and function, muscle activity, sensory neurobiology, and endocrine mediation. Prerequisites: BIOL 112, CHEM 228, MARB 310, MARS 360. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

423. MARICULTURE. (3-3). Credit 4. Study of factors determining the success of efforts to cultivate estuarine and marine species of economic importance. Mariculture practices used worldwide in the production of algae, mollusks, crustaceans, and fishes will be discussed. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

425. MARINE ECOLOGY. (3-3). Credit 4. Relationship between various marine environments and their inhabitants; intra- and interspecific relationships between organisms; structure and function among marine communities. Laboratory emphasis is placed on study of living material and natural habitats in the Gulf of Mexico. Prerequisites: MARB 315, 408, 435; ENGL 301; curriculum senior or approval of instructor. 

426. AQUATIC ANIMAL NUTRITION. (3-0). Credit 3. Chemistry, digestion, absorption and intermediary metabolism of nutrient classes with special emphasis on their relationship to warmwater fish nutrition. Determination of nutrient requirements, feed evaluation, feed processing, ration formulation and feeding practices. Prerequisites: CHEM 227. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

430. COASTAL PLANT ECOLOGY. (3-3). Credit 4. Study of the identification, distribution, production, and ecological importance of estuarine, coastal marsh, and dune vascular plants; the interaction of plants with their abiotic and biotic environments; and techniques of vegetation management and evaluation. Prerequisites: BIOL 112. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

431. WETLANDS ECOLOGY, MONITORING, AND DELINEATION. (2-6). Credit 4. Study of the characteristics and importance of wetlands and methods for delineating, monitoring, and evaluating wetlands. Students will become knowledgeable in wetland soils, plants, ecological interactions of wetlands and other habitats and animals, and the laws pertaining to obtaining permits and managing wetlands of the U.S. Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 112. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

432. GIS USE IN COASTAL RESOURCES. (2-3). Credit 3. Basic concepts of design, planning, and integration of Geographical Information Systems in management of biological systems in coastal environments. Students are taught to input data into GIS, organize the data, and analyze, query, and manage data sets. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

435. MARINE INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY. (3-3). Credit 4. General biology of marine invertebrate animals; morphology, evolution, and systematics. Laboratory will stress studies of local fauna. Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 112. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

436. NON-VERTEBRATE FISHERIES. (3-3). Credit 4. A survey of the history and importance of harvesting commercially important algae and invertebrates, with an assessment of the current status, problems and prospects for each fishery. Indentification, distribution and biology of commercially important species will also be addressed. Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 112. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

437. PATHOLOGY OF MARINE ANIMALS. (3-3). Credit 4. An introduction to the structural and functional changes in cells, tissues and organ systems of marine invertebrates and vertebrates as they relate to disease and/or injury. Mechanisms of disease and identification of lesions in common diseases and human-induced injuries will be included. Laboratory will consist of gross and microscopic aspects of pathology in both invertebrate and vertebrate animals. Prerequisites: MARB 315, 435, MICR 351. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

438. COASTAL ORNITHOLOGY. (2-3). Credit 3. Field and laboratory studies on the identification, classification, distribution and ecology of birds with special emphasis on birds of the Texas Gulf Coast. Classroom lectures to include anatomy, physiology, behavior and migration. Field trips required. Prerequisites: MARB 315. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

445. MARINE FISHERIES MANAGEMENT. (3-3). Credit 4. Basic knowledge from marine ichthyology, biology of fishes and biological oceanography related to applied aspects of marine fisheries sciences. Emphasis placed on management techniques applicable to tidal-influenced inland water, estuaries, and oceans. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

454. ORNAMENTAL FISH HEALTH MANAGEMENT. (3-0). Credit 3. Maintenance and health care of ornamental fish in closed recirculating systems; aquariology, anatomy and physiology, nutrition, immunology, infectious and noninfectious diseases, checklists, quarantine procedures and health maintenance of ornamental fish. Prerequisites: MICR 351 and MARS 360. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

460. FISHERIES POPULATION DYNAMICS. (3-3). Credit 4. An introduction to the behavior of populations. Classical and recent population theories will be discussed in lecture. In lab, extant and programs written by students will be used to explore population behavior and interactions. Prerequisites: MATH 151. Senior classification or approval of instructor. 

466. EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY. (3-0). Credit 3. A conceptual examination of evolutionary theory, not a survey of specific organismal evolutions. Evidence for the abiotic origin of life is presented, followed by a discussion of micro-evolutionary (including drift and natural selection) and macro-evolutionary (including evolutionary trends) mechanisms. The course concludes with application of these concepts to human evolution. Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and 112. Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. MARB 301 is recommended but not required. 

482. SEMINAR IN MARINE BIOLOGY. (1-0). Credit 1. Compilation of literature pertaining to topics in marine biology. Emphasis placed on preparation of a written report and presentation of a synopsis of that report. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

484. UNDERGRADUATE INTERNSHIP. Credit 1-9. Supervised study in a research or teaching laboratory remote from TAMUG. Student involvement is to consist of real-life learning or marine biological research, teaching, management, or a combination of these. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

485. DIRECTED STUDIES. Credit 1-6 per semester. Special topics and problems in field and/or laboratory work suited to analysis by individuals or small groups concerning aspects of marine biology. Usually requires a report describing techniques and results. Only 3 credit hours may be used in the degree plan curriculum. Prerequisites: 2.25 GPR. Curriculum sophomore, junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

489. SPECIAL TOPICS IN MARINE BIOLOGY. Credit 1-4. Study of selected topics in an identified area of marine biology. Prerequisite: Junior or senior classification or approval of instructor. 

491. RESEARCH IN MARINE BIOLOGY. Credit 1 to 4.  Research conducted under the direction of faculty member in Marine Biology. May be repeated 2 times for credit. Please see academic advisor in department. Registration in multiple sections of this course is possible within a given semester provided that the per semester credit hour limit is not exceeded.  Prerequisites: Junior or senior classification and approval of instructor. 

606. ADVANCED CONCEPTS IN MARINE POPULATION BIOLOGY. (3-0). Credit 3. Novel Approaches and concepts employed studying factors affecting recruitment, determining trophic relationships (e.g., stable isotopes), and the consequences, at various levels, of changes in abundance of marine populations, including ecological (community), population (Allee effects) and genetic (effective population size). Inference of population connectivity determined through the use of electronic tags and molecular techniques is also examined. Prerequisite: B.S. Marine Biology or Marine Science or approval of instructor 

616. INTRODUCTION TO METHODS IN SCIENTIFIC DIVING. (2-3). Credit 3. This course prepares students to use SCUBA as a research tool for the marine sciences in compliance with University, American Academy of Underwater Sciences and Federal OSHA standards. Practical work in pool and open waters will complement academic experience and provide training towards scientific diver status. Prerequisite: Advanced scuba certification. 

617. RESEARCH DIVING METHODS. (0-6). Credit 2. Field experience in a wide range of research diving environments stressing dive planning and